P0440 OBDII故障代码

P0440 OBDII故障代码
Ronald Thomas
P0440 OBD-II:蒸发排放系统 OBD-II故障代码P0440是什么意思?

    OBD-II代码P0440定义为蒸发系统故障,大量泄漏。

    See_also: P0449 OBD II故障代码

    症状

    • 发动机检查指示灯点亮
    • 在大多数情况下,驾驶员不会注意到任何不利条件
    • 在某些情况下,由于燃料蒸汽的释放,可能会产生明显的燃料气味。

    触发P0440代码的常见问题

    • 油箱盖丢失
    • 燃油箱盖故障或损坏
    • 燃油箱加注口变形或损坏
    • 蒸发系统软管撕裂或刺穿
    • 燃油箱发送装置密封垫或密封件有缺陷
    • 碳罐破裂或损坏
    • 蒸发排气阀和/或蒸发清洗阀有缺陷
    • 燃油箱故障或损坏

    常见误诊

    • 油箱盖
    • 蒸发吹扫阀
    • 蒸发排气阀

    由专业人员进行诊断

    See_also: P052D OBD II故障代码

    排放的污染气体

    • HCs(碳氢化合物):未燃烧的原燃料液滴,有异味,影响呼吸,导致烟雾。

    基础知识

    蒸发控制(EVAP)系统捕捉从燃油储存系统(如油箱、加注颈和油箱盖)蒸发的任何原燃油,在精确的工作条件下(由发动机温度、转速和负荷决定),EVAP系统将捕捉到的燃油蒸气储存并吹扫回燃烧过程。

    想了解更多信息?

    EVAP系统不仅用于捕捉、存储和清除从燃油存储系统中泄漏的原燃油蒸汽,而且还用于进行一系列自检,以确认或否定系统的运行和蒸汽保持能力。 这是一项重要的任务,因为至少20%的车辆产生的空气污染源于车辆燃油存储系统的故障。

    EVAP系统的 "泄漏测试 "方法有很多,但大多数都是在车辆静置时(如过夜)或在车辆静置过夜后的初始启动过程中进行泄漏测试。 EVAP系统的运行性能还可由动力总成计算机通过读取氧传感器电压的变化和短期燃油微量来跟踪,无论何时存储的蒸汽都会被检测到。当车辆加速时,即大多数车辆需要额外燃料时,会发生吹扫过程。

    面向修理厂和技术人员的P0440诊断理论

    P0440代码表示EVAP系统有大量泄漏,但这有点误导。 该代码真正表示的是EVAP系统在进行泄漏测试时不会产生大量真空,这是由燃油箱压力传感器监测到的。

    以下是动力总成计算机如何进行蒸发泄漏测试:

    1. 进行泄漏测试时,车辆必须停放至少4至8小时,以便发动机温度和外部空气温度相同。 油箱中的燃油含量必须在15%至85%之间,以便为测试提供基线,因为汽油和柴油是易挥发液体,在温度升高时容易膨胀和汽化。
    2. 当泄漏测试开始时,蒸发罐排气阀关闭,以防止任何新鲜空气进入EVAP系统。
    3. 打开清洗阀,使发动机在EVAP系统中形成真空。
    4. 经过规定的时间间隔(通常约10秒)后,清洗阀关闭,油箱压力传感器测量系统中的真空度。
    5. 最后,开始倒计时,测量系统中真空度的衰减速度。 如果真空度的衰减速度远远快于规定的速度,或者连续两次测试都没有达到真空度,则动力总成计算机将判定EVAP系统存在严重泄漏,并触发P0440代码。

    蒸发系统的常见测试

    • 检索代码并写下冻结帧信息,作为测试和验证任何维修的基准。
    • 对EVAP系统中所有可接触到的软管和部件进行仔细和严密的目视检查,检查是否有任何损坏或退化的迹象。
    • 使用扫描工具,密切注意油箱压力读数。 油箱压力传感器是否正常工作? 如果不正常,当执行EVAP监控时,系统将认为没有压力或真空产生,而事实上,有压力/真空产生,但油箱压力传感器无法读取。 油箱压力传感器是主要的压力传感器。每次运行EVAP监控器时,动力总成计算机依靠该反馈传感器获得泄漏测试数据。
    • 检查并测试燃油箱盖,确定其与燃油箱加注口的配合情况。 确保燃油箱盖密封圈没有干裂或开裂。 如果燃油箱盖不能密封或保持真空/压力,则可能触发P0440代码。
    • 确认清洗阀和排气阀工作正常,并能持续保持真空-至少30至60秒。 如果其中任何一个阀工作不正常,系统将无法形成和/或保持适当的真空度。
    • 如果所有部件看起来功能正常,则对整个EVAP系统进行另一次烟雾测试。 这通常会根除隐藏在车辆部件后面和/或下面的任何泄漏。 密切注意燃油箱加注颈、碳罐和燃油箱本身,特别是燃油泵和燃油液位发送装置的位置和密封性。 偶尔进行烟雾测试更换燃油泵时,没有更换或正确安装密封件。 这可能会导致系统出现微小泄漏。 您可能需要拆下后排座椅,以进一步检查和确定燃油箱泄漏源。



    Ronald Thomas
    Ronald Thomas
    Jeremy Cruz is a highly experienced automotive enthusiast and a prolific writer in the field of auto repair and maintenance. With a passion for cars that dates back to his childhood days, Jeremy has devoted his career to sharing his knowledge and expertise with consumers who seek reliable and accurate information about keeping their vehicles running smoothly.As a trusted authority in the automotive industry, Jeremy has worked closely with leading manufacturers, mechanics, and industry experts to gather the most up-to-date and comprehensive knowledge in auto repair and maintenance. His expertise extends to a wide range of topics, including engine diagnostics, routine maintenance, troubleshooting, and performance enhancement.Throughout his writing career, Jeremy has consistently provided consumers with practical tips, step-by-step guides, and trusted advice on all aspects of auto repair and maintenance. His informative and engaging content allows readers to understand complex mechanical concepts easily and empowers them to take control of their vehicle's well-being.Beyond his writing skills, Jeremy's genuine love for automobiles and innate curiosity have driven him to constantly stay abreast of emerging trends, technological advancements, and industry developments. His dedication to informing and educating consumers has been recognized by loyal readers and professionalsalike.When Jeremy isn't immersed in automobiles, he can be found exploring scenic driving routes, attending car shows and industry events, or tinkering with his own collection of classic cars in his garage. His commitment to his craft is fueled by his desire to help consumers make informed decisions about their vehicles and ensure they have a smooth and enjoyable driving experience.As the proud author of the blog for the leading provider of auto repair and maintenance information to consumers, Jeremy Cruz continues to be a reliable source of knowledge and guidance for car enthusiasts and everyday drivers alike, making the road a safer and more accessible place for all.